Evaluating Security Aspects for Building a Secure Virtual Machine

One of the essential characteristics of cloud computing that revolutionized the IT business is the sharing of computing resources. Despite all the benefits, security is a major concern in a cloud virtualization environment. Among those security issues is securely managing the Virtual Machine (VM) images that contain operating systems, configured platforms, and data. Confidentiality, availability, and integrity of such images pose major concerns as it determines the overall security of the virtual machines. This paper identified and discussed the attributes that define the degree of security in VM images. It will address this problem by explaining the different methods and frameworks developed in the past to address implementing secure VM images. Finally, this paper analyses the security issues and attributes and proposes a framework that will include an approach that helps to develop secure VM images. This work aims to enhance the security of cloud environments

Mitochondrial physiology

As the knowledge base and importance of mitochondrial physiology to evolution, health and disease expands, the necessity for harmonizing the terminology concerning mitochondrial respiratory states and rates has become increasingly apparent. The chemiosmotic theory establishes the mechanism of energy transformation and coupling in oxidative phosphorylation. The unifying concept of the protonmotive force provides the framework for developing a consistent theoretical foundation of mitochondrial physiology and bioenergetics. We follow the latest SI guidelines and those of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) on terminology in physical chemistry, extended by considerations of open systems and thermodynamics of irreversible processes. The concept-driven constructive terminology incorporates the meaning of each quantity and aligns concepts and symbols with the nomenclature of classical bioenergetics. We endeavour to provide a balanced view of mitochondrial respiratory control and a critical discussion on reporting data of mitochondrial respiration in terms of metabolic flows and fluxes. Uniform standards for evaluation of respiratory states and rates will ultimately contribute to reproducibility between laboratories and thus support the development of data repositories of mitochondrial respiratory function in species, tissues, and cells. Clarity of concept and consistency of nomenclature facilitate effective transdisciplinary communication, education, and ultimately further discovery

Mitochondrial physiology

As the knowledge base and importance of mitochondrial physiology to evolution, health and disease expands, the necessity for harmonizing the terminology concerning mitochondrial respiratory states and rates has become increasingly apparent. The chemiosmotic theory establishes the mechanism of energy transformation and coupling in oxidative phosphorylation. The unifying concept of the protonmotive force provides the framework for developing a consistent theoretical foundation of mitochondrial physiology and bioenergetics. We follow the latest SI guidelines and those of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) on terminology in physical chemistry, extended by considerations of open systems and thermodynamics of irreversible processes. The concept-driven constructive terminology incorporates the meaning of each quantity and aligns concepts and symbols with the nomenclature of classical bioenergetics. We endeavour to provide a balanced view of mitochondrial respiratory control and a critical discussion on reporting data of mitochondrial respiration in terms of metabolic flows and fluxes. Uniform standards for evaluation of respiratory states and rates will ultimately contribute to reproducibility between laboratories and thus support the development of data repositories of mitochondrial respiratory function in species, tissues, and cells. Clarity of concept and consistency of nomenclature facilitate effective transdisciplinary communication, education, and ultimately further discovery

Effect of exercise and pharmacotherapy on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Objectives: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is one of the emerging liver diseases affecting 20%–30% of the population creating a burden on public health worldwide and has been associated with the causation of multiple diseases. Besides exercise, several drugs are being used in patients based on clinical evidence especially vitamin E, a potent antioxidant to reduce the oxidative stress responsible for the development and progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. This study aims at evaluating the effect of exercise and pharmacotherapy on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Design: A prospective follow-up study with purposive sampling was done at a liver clinic for 3 months. Baseline characteristics such as anthropometric measurements and biochemical parameters were recorded and compared after 3 months to determine the effect of therapy. Descriptive analysis using a parametric test was used to assess the change in biochemical parameters and a non-parametric test was applied to find out the association between non-pharmacological and pharmacological approaches. Results: Out of 177 patients, 67.2 % were male and 32.8% were female with the mean age ±SD of 46.8 ± 12.06 years. Mean ± SD weight and body mass index of the patients were changed from 74.88 ± 11.61 kg to 72.37 ± 11.61 kg and from 28.41 ± 4.02 kg/m 2 to 27.31 ± 4.58 kg/m 2 respectively which was found to be statistically significant. There was a significant change in all the biochemical parameters with the p -value < 0.05 through both non-pharmacological and pharmacological approaches. Conclusion: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease management through exercise and pharmacotherapy shows significant improvement in biochemical parameters indicating that alone or in combination with both approaches play an effective role in treating nonalcoholic fatty liver disease

Effectiveness of different combinations of urea and vermicompost on yield of bitter gourd (Momordica charantia)

Exclusive use of organic manure in bitter gourd cultivation slows nutrient release, affecting root growth, while inefficient application of fertilizers during transplanting and development stages leads to nutrient losses and increased production costs. The research aimed to evaluate the efficiency of different combinations of urea and vermicompost in bitter gourd production and address the challenges associated with the use of only organic manure. The field experiment conducted in Tulsipur, Dang, utilized a six-treatment randomized complete block design with four replications. The treatments consisted of varying proportions of the recommended dose of urea (16 g plant−1) and vermicompost (280 g plant−1). Among the treatments, T3 (50% urea and 50% vermicompost) exhibited the most prevalent diameter (3.854 cm), length (16.32 cm), fruit count (1.391), weight plant−1 (189.2 g), and weight plot−1 (1848 g) while T4 (25% urea and 75% vermicompost) showed the quickest first flowering (30.37 days) and fruiting (33.75 days). T2 (75% urea and 25% vermicompost) recorded the highest vine length (222.5 cm). Statistically significant differences were observed in most recorded characteristics for T3. The results highlight the slow-release nutrient benefits and soil improvement properties of vermicompost, complemented by the quick-release nutrient attributes of urea. The traits with the lowest yield were observed in the control group (T6). A 50% combination of recommended urea dose and vermicompost is recommended for bitter gourd cultivation, leading to improved growth, yield, and quality, underscoring the benefits of organic fertilizer in this situation. The study's findings contribute to the scientific understanding of optimizing fertilization practices in bitter gourd production, minimizing production costs, reducing nutrient losses, and environmental pollution

sj-pdf-2-smo-10.1177_20503121241227090 – Supplemental material for Effect of exercise and pharmacotherapy on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-2-smo-10.1177_20503121241227090 for Effect of exercise and pharmacotherapy on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by Amrita Kandel, Poonam Pant, Sushila Todi, Sudhamshu KC and Sudip Pandey in SAGE Open Medicine</p

sj-docx-1-smo-10.1177_20503121241227090 – Supplemental material for Effect of exercise and pharmacotherapy on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-smo-10.1177_20503121241227090 for Effect of exercise and pharmacotherapy on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease by Amrita Kandel, Poonam Pant, Sushila Todi, Sudhamshu KC and Sudip Pandey in SAGE Open Medicine</p